Islamic Legal Analysis of the Hibah Contract in Blood Donation Practices a Study at the Indonesian Red Cross Branch
This study examines the Islamic legal status of blood donation practices at the Indonesian Red Cross in Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency, particularly regarding the provision of rewards such as food, souvenirs, or monetary envelopes that may shift the essence of hibah into a transactional contract (mu‘āwaḍah). The primary objective is to assess the conformity of blood donation practices with the concept of hibah in contemporary Islamic jurisprudence and with national health regulations that emphasize voluntary and non-commercial donation. Employing a qualitative normative-empirical approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed thematically with source triangulation to ensure validity. The findings reveal that blood donation is generally conducted voluntarily and embodies humanitarian values, yet the presence of rewards raises normative and ethical dilemmas that may compromise the sincerity of tabarru‘. These results highlight the necessity of establishing clear boundaries between appreciation and reciprocal exchange to preserve the integrity of hibah. The study contributes to contemporary Islamic legal scholarship by offering an integrative analysis that bridges syariah principles with health regulations, while also providing practical recommendations for managing blood donation in accordance with humanitarian and Islamic values. Furthermore, the implications suggest avenues for future research with broader scope and diverse methodological approaches to strengthen the generalizability of findings.
